For instance, ionophores compounds as monensin, narasin and maduramicin are extensively applied in veterinary medicine for their antimicrobial, antiprotozoal and growth promoting effect ( Miller et al., 1990 Mousa and Elsheikh, 1992 Abu Damir et al., 2013). As a form of adaptation, the camel mitochondrial proteins showed higher evolution rate in camelids to allow for living in different environments ( Di Rocco et al., 2006, 2009).Ĭamels are sensitive to toxicity with some drugs which have wide safety margin in other animals ( Ali, 1988 Mousa and Elsheikh, 1992 El Bahri et al., 1999 Alquarawi and Ali, 2000). This adaptation is accompanied by rapid evolution of water and regulation mechanisms ( Wu et al., 2014). For example, camels have unique water and heat regulation metabolic pathways that allowed them to live in the desert environment. For this reason, camels have especially evoluted some genes for accustoming its surrounding environment. International Journal of Pharmacology, 11: 243-247.Ĭamels are raised in arid and semiarid environment. Annotation of Camel Genome for Estimation of Drug Binding Power, Evolution and Adaption of Cytochrome P450 1a2. Yousef Altaher, Masayuki Nakanishi and Mahmoud Kandeel, 2015. These results suggests the potential toxicity of camels with drugs undergoing oxidation by CYP 1A2. Furthermore, despite the high evolution of many camel genes to adapt camel environment, CYP 1A2 was found to be phylogenetically retarded gene showing lower rate of evolution compared with subset of data from 100 different organisms. Results indicated poor efficiency of camel CYP 1A2 in binding with drugs.
The objectives of this work are annotation of camel genome and retrieval of camel for cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP 1A2) for phylogenetic, molecular modeling studies, docking studies and determination of its drug binding power. To this end, it is not known whether camel cytochrome enzymes were specially developed or adapted to camel environment or it has been associated with increasing the susceptibility of camels to toxicity with drugs. Recently, camel genome was resolved, which will allow for discovery of secrets of camel life. While camels rapidly evoluted several genes to adapt their environment, contemporary studies recorded that camels are sensitive to toxicity with some drugs as monensin, narasin and maduramicin ionophores compounds, which are extensively used in veterinary medicine.
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